Bill Evans Composition Workshop

Welcome to this in-depth exploration of Bill Evans’ compositions. In this lesson, we delve into the harmonic and melodic tendencies of one of jazz’s most influential pianists. Bill Evans’ unique approach to harmony, voicings, and form continues to inspire pianists worldwide.

Through this session, we analyze key compositions, discuss Evans’ influences, and uncover his approach to modulations, tonality, and form.

Bill Evans’ Compositional Approach

Classical Influences & Harmonic Sophistication

Bill Evans was deeply rooted in classical music, having studied both piano and composition at Southeastern Louisiana University. His classical background, particularly influences from Debussy, Ravel, and even Beethoven, shaped his harmonic approach and his use of impressionistic voicings.

Evans’ compositions frequently modulate between keys, often within just a few bars. His harmonic progressions move seamlessly, using dominant chords to transition between tonal centers while maintaining melodic clarity.

Modulations & Tonal Movement

A defining characteristic of Evans’ compositions is his fluid approach to modulations. Many of his pieces feature rapid harmonic shifts, often moving through multiple key centers within a few measures. This creates a sense of continuous motion and harmonic richness.

For example, in Very Early, Evans modulates between three different keys within the first few bars, using dominant chords to navigate between tonal areas. This kind of harmonic movement adds depth and sophistication to his compositions.

Analysis of Key Compositions

"Very Early" – A Study in Modulation

One of Evans’ earliest compositions, Very Early, showcases his affinity for harmonic movement. The piece moves through various key centers, using ii-V-I progressions to transition smoothly between them. The melody remains lyrical and expressive, a hallmark of Evans’ compositional style.

"Blue in Green" – Modal Harmony & Impressionism

This composition, often credited to Miles Davis but widely believed to have been written by Evans, is built around a series of suspended, unresolved harmonies. The piece highlights Evans’ preference for extended chords and floating harmonic structures, contributing to its haunting and introspective sound.

"Time Remembered" – A Long-Form Exploration

This composition features a long and intricate form, rich with harmonic movement. Evans employs minor chords moving in fourths and fifths, creating a blend of modal and tonal harmony. This piece exemplifies Evans’ ability to maintain a clear sense of melody despite complex harmonic shifts.

"Turn Out the Stars" – Extended Harmony in Motion

A faster-paced composition, Turn Out the Stars contains striking modulations and unexpected harmonic turns. Evans uses pedal points and shifting tonal centers to create a sense of motion while maintaining a lyrical and emotionally driven melody.

Bill Evans’ Use of the 12-Tone System

A unique aspect of Evans’ compositional exploration is his use of serialism in jazz. In Twelve Tone Tune (TTT), he applies a 12-tone row, a concept derived from Schoenberg’s atonal system. However, rather than adhering strictly to atonality, Evans integrates this system within a tonal jazz framework, making the piece both intellectually intriguing and harmonically compelling.

Key Takeaways & Practice Tips

Explore Modulations Through ii-V-I Progressions

• Practice moving between key centers using dominant chords.
• Experiment with inserting secondary dominants to shift keys naturally.

Incorporate Classical Techniques in Jazz Voicings

• Study impressionistic composers like Debussy and Ravel.
• Use spread voicings and chord extensions to create a rich harmonic palette.

Analyze Bill Evans’ Chord Movements

• Transcribe and study Evans’ harmonic progressions.
• Pay attention to how he connects one tonal center to another.

Experiment with Pedal Points & Open Voicings

• Use sustained bass notes to anchor harmonic shifts.
• Try playing Evans’ compositions using different voicing techniques.

Develop Your Own Compositional Voice

• Use Evans’ techniques as inspiration rather than imitation.
• Create melodies that flow smoothly over complex harmonies.

Conclusion

Bill Evans’ compositions represent a bridge between classical impressionism and modern jazz harmony. His use of modulations, extended chords, and lyrical phrasing makes his work a masterclass in jazz composition. By studying and applying his techniques, you can enrich your own playing and deepen your understanding of jazz harmony.

Whether you are a beginner or an advanced pianist, analyzing Evans’ music offers invaluable insight into the art of sophisticated yet accessible jazz composition. Happy practicing!