Introduction To Chicago Blues

In this course we focus around a post-war Chicago Blues style that applies to the 12 bar blues many other styles of improvised music.

The Origin Of The Blues

The form we recognise as blues today developed in the late 19th and early 20th century in the American south.

It has roots in the music brought from Africa by slaves. Field hollers and work songs sung by workers in the agricultural south, provided a rhythm for doing monotonous, arduous work in the fields, as well as adding an emotional outlet for that life.

They were part of the music of the late 1800’s that eventually evolved into blues, spirituals, jazz, rhythm and blues, and most forms of African- American music.

The Harmonic Structure Of The Blues

The 12 bar form is the most basic and common type of blues form. However, there are other variations such as 8 bars blues, 16 bar blues, and 32 bar blues.

The most basic variation of the 12 bar blues is comprised of just 3 chords:

• The I7 Chord
• The IV7 Chord
• The V7 Chord

We will start by constructing the blues with just these 3 chords and then we will explore the variations and substitutions that we can apply to this basic structure.

Blues Shuffle Patterns

We start by playing the blues shuffle pattern based around a 5th and 6th interval in our left hand. This is one of the most useful patterns to learn because of its simplicity.

It creates both a solid groove, and also harmonic interest at the same time. The 5th interval is unique because it can be played in the lower registers of the piano without it sounding "muddy".

When working on our hand independence, we must train our left hand to play this rhythm almost subconsciously which frees up our right hand for melodic creativity.

Blues Comping Patterns

Triads, 7th Chords, 9th Chords, & 6th/13th Chords are all used in the blues for comping.

Whilst we can comp with basic triad shapes, the dominant 7th is a very useful sound to incorporate into our chords and voicings when comping.

We can also extend our voicings to include 9ths and 13ths. Steve demonstrates some clean voice leading principles using these colourful extended chord voicings.

Blues Licks & Riffs

The blues licks and riffs lesson will inspire you to build your own vocabulary that you can use to improvise when playing the 12 bar blues.

In this lesson we cover:

• Easy blues licks
• Hammered 8th notes
• Rolls, slurs, & slides
• Dr John’s ‘Famous Lick’
• Licks built from 3rd & 6th